# My Home Water System > Drinking water hardness for 45 U.S. cities, copied as published by each utility with its source and date, plus guides to water softeners, whole-home filtration and reverse osmosis. Homeowners can request a written quote from one local company per city once that city opens. Not a water utility. Operated by Aidren LLC. ## Data - [Hard water by city](https://www.myhomewatersystem.com/hard-water-by-city/): every figure, utility, period and source - [cities.json](https://www.myhomewatersystem.com/data/cities.json): the same data as JSON ## Cities - [Chandler, AZ](https://chandlerwatersystems.com/): Total hardness 173-288 mg/L (10.1-16.8 grains per gallon) (City of Chandler, Calendar year 2025); USGS class hard to very hard - [Gilbert, AZ](https://gilbertwatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 10.79 grains per gallon (184.44 mg/L), range 6.61-17.54 grains per gallon (Town of Gilbert, Calendar year 2025); USGS class moderately hard to very hard - [Mesa, AZ](https://mesawatersystems.com/): Average hardness, City Zone About 12 grains per gallon (City of Mesa, Calendar year 2025); USGS class very hard - [Phoenix, AZ](https://phoenixhomewatersystems.com/): Total hardness 172-302 ppm (10-17.6 grains per gallon), range only (City of Phoenix, Calendar year 2025); USGS class hard to very hard - [Scottsdale, AZ](https://scottsdalewatersystems.com/): Approximate hardness, south of Indian School Rd 13-15 grains per gallon (230-260 mg/L) (City of Scottsdale, Calendar year 2025); USGS class very hard - [Tucson, AZ](https://tucsonwatersystems.com/): Hardness, as Tucson Water describes it "Hard to very hard" (no number given) (Tucson Water, Undated document) - [Los Angeles, CA](https://losangeleswatersystems.com/): Total hardness, Los Angeles Aqueduct plant Average 103 mg/L, range 96-117 mg/L (LADWP, Calendar year 2025); USGS class moderately hard to very hard - [Riverside, CA](https://riversidehomewatersystems.com/): Hardness Average 197 mg/L (12 grains per gallon), range 180-210 mg/L (Riverside Public Utilities, Calendar year 2025); USGS class hard to very hard - [San Diego, CA](https://sandiegowatersystems.com/): Total hardness, Alvarado plant Average 237 ppm (13.8 grains per gallon), range 203-270 ppm (City of San Diego Public Utilities, Calendar year 2025); USGS class soft to very hard - [San Francisco, CA](https://sanfranciscowatersystems.com/): Hardness Average 62 ppm, range 8.1-112 ppm (SFPUC, Calendar year 2025); USGS class soft to moderately hard - [Denver, CO](https://denverwatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 105,009 ppb, range 55,000-124,000 ppb (Denver Water, Calendar year 2025); USGS class soft to hard - [Washington, DC](https://dcwatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 139 ppm (8 grains per gallon), range 84-194 ppm (DC Water, Calendar year 2025); USGS class moderately hard to very hard - [Jacksonville, FL](https://jacksonvillewatersystems.com/): no published figure found - [Miami, FL](https://miamihomewatersystems.com/): no published figure found - [Orlando, FL](https://orlandowatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 129 ppm (7 grains per gallon) (OUC, Undated web page); USGS class hard - [Tampa, FL](https://tampabaywatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 185 mg/L (10.8 grains per gallon) (Tampa Water Department, Calendar year 2024); USGS class hard to very hard - [Atlanta, GA](https://atlantawatersystems.com/): no published figure found - [Chicago, IL](https://chicagowatersystems.com/): Hardness as CaCO3, quarterly samples at both plants 129 to 158 mg/L (Chicago Department of Water Management, Three 2014 quarterly samplings (March, June and August 2014)); USGS class hard - [Indianapolis, IN](https://indianapoliswatersystems.com/): Hardness Average 317 ppm (19 grains per gallon), range 148-460 ppm (Citizens Energy Group, Calendar year 2025); USGS class hard to very hard - [Boston, MA](https://bostonwatersystems.com/): Typical total hardness Approximately 16 mg/L, or 1 grain per gallon (MWRA (for Boston Water and Sewer Commission), Undated web page); USGS class soft - [Baltimore, MD](https://baltimorewatersystems.com/): Hardness, annual average of monthly results 114 mg/L (monthly range 109-120) (Baltimore City DPW (Montebello laboratory), Calendar year 2022); USGS class moderately hard - [Detroit, MI](https://detroitwatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 107 ppm, range 96-142 ppm (Detroit Water and Sewerage Department, Calendar year 2025); USGS class moderately hard to hard - [Minneapolis, MN](https://minneapoliswatersystems.com/): Total hardness, plant effluent Average 94 ppm, range 80-113 ppm (Minneapolis Water Treatment and Distribution, Calendar year 2025); USGS class moderately hard - [St. Louis, MO](https://stlouiswatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 129 ppm, range 80-206 ppm (City of St. Louis Water Division, Calendar year 2025); USGS class moderately hard to very hard - [Kansas City, MO/KS](https://kcwatersystems.com/): Total hardness 280 ppm (16.4 grains per gallon) (BPU (Kansas City, KS), Jan.-Dec. 2025); USGS class moderately hard to very hard - [Charlotte, NC](https://charlottewatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 32 ppm, range 27-35 ppm (Charlotte Water, Calendar year 2025); USGS class soft - [Jersey City, NJ](https://jerseywatersystems.com/): Hardness (as calcium carbonate) Range 62-103 ppm (Veolia Jersey City, Calendar year 2022); USGS class moderately hard - [Henderson, NV](https://hendersonwatersystems.com/): Hardness Typically 304 parts per million (18 grains per gallon) (City of Henderson, 2026 report (2025 data)); USGS class very hard - [Las Vegas, NV](https://vegaswatersystems.com/): Hardness 280 parts per million (16 grains per gallon) (Las Vegas Valley Water District, Calendar year 2025); USGS class very hard - [New York City, NY](https://nycwatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 32 mg/L (2 grains per gallon), range 18-100 mg/L (NYC DEP, Calendar year 2025); USGS class soft to moderately hard - [Cincinnati, OH](https://cincinnatiwatersystems.com/): Average hardness, Miller Plant Average 126 mg/L (7 grains per gallon) (Greater Cincinnati Water Works, Undated FAQ on the page for the 2025 report); USGS class hard - [Oklahoma City, OK](https://okcwatersystems.com/): no published figure found - [Allentown, PA](https://allentownwatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 15.0 grains per gallon, range 10.5-16.6 grains per gallon (Lehigh County Authority, Calendar year 2025); USGS class hard to very hard - [Philadelphia, PA](https://philadelphiawatersystems.com/): Hardness, Baxter plant Average 101 ppm (6 grains per gallon), range 72-121 ppm (Philadelphia Water Department, 2025 report year); USGS class moderately hard to very hard - [Pittsburgh, PA](https://pittsburghwatersystems.com/): Hardness, as Pittsburgh Water describes it "Moderately hard" (no number given) (Pittsburgh Water, Undated web page) - [Nashville, TN](https://nashvillewatersystems.com/): Total hardness 100.5 mg/L, range 88.5-128.4 mg/L (Metro Water Services, 2023 data, in the 2025 report); USGS class moderately hard to hard - [Austin, TX](https://austinwatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 93 ppm (5.4 grains per gallon), range 70-126 ppm (Austin Water, Calendar year 2025); USGS class moderately hard to hard - [Dallas, TX](https://dallaswatersystems.com/): Total hardness Average 119 mg/L, range 92-167 mg/L (Dallas Water Utilities, Calendar year 2003); USGS class moderately hard to hard - [Fort Worth, TX](https://fortworthwatersystems.com/): Total hardness as CaCO3 76.5 to 175 ppm (5 to 10 grains per gallon), range only (Fort Worth Water, Calendar year 2024); USGS class moderately hard to hard - [Houston, TX](https://houstonhomewatersystems.com/): Total hardness, main system Average 135.5 ppm, range 43.5-229 ppm (Houston Public Works, Calendar year 2025); USGS class soft to very hard - [McAllen, TX](https://mcallenwatersystems.com/): no published figure found - [New Braunfels, TX](https://newbraunfelswatersystems.com/): Water hardness range 13.7 to 17.4 grains per gallon, described as "very hard" (New Braunfels Utilities, Undated web page (the same range appears as 2017 data in NBU's 2018 report)); USGS class very hard - [San Antonio, TX](https://sanantoniohomewatersystems.com/): Typical hardness 15 to 20 grains per gallon (San Antonio Water System, Undated FAQ page); USGS class very hard - [Seattle, WA](https://seattlewatersystems.com/): Hardness, Cedar distribution sample 1.55 grains per gallon (Seattle Public Utilities, Single sample, May 2026); USGS class soft - [Madison, WI](https://madisonwatersystems.com/): Hardness, citywide 18-20 grains per gallon (Madison Water Utility, Undated FAQ); USGS class very hard ## Guides - [Water softeners](https://www.myhomewatersystem.com/water-softeners/) - [Whole-home filtration](https://www.myhomewatersystem.com/whole-home-filtration/) - [Reverse osmosis](https://www.myhomewatersystem.com/reverse-osmosis/) - [How it works](https://www.myhomewatersystem.com/how-it-works/)